Description
The factors that contribute to proper water balance include total alkalinity, calcium hardness, and pH. In order to keep the cooling tower from scaling or corroding, a manipulation of these components is often necessary. This has traditionally been achieved with the use of chemicals, including but not limited to the following – acid, soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, calcium bicarbonate, algicide, and bactericide. Extensive research has shown that a balanced water system can also be achieved by using the proper combination of copper with a known halogen. Microbiologists have determined that a small amount of copper, acting as a supplement to chlorine at 0.4ppm, has the same efficiency as 2.0ppm free chlorine. Therefore, by using the following combination of components and procedures, the desired results can still be achieved – Production of copper compound ions as a supplement to the chemical regimen, analysis and manipulation of make-up water, the use of copper as a coagulant for reduction of scale, copper as a supplement bacterial disinfectant, and copper as an algicide.
KEYWORDS: year 1996, cooling towers, water treatment, disinfecting, copper, inhibitors, corrosion, scaling, halogens, chlorine compounds, ionisation
Citation: Symposium Papers, Atlanta, GA, 1996
Product Details
- Published:
- 1996
- File Size:
- 1 file , 400 KB
- Product Code(s):
- D-16593
